History of Hagia Irene

Nestled within the enchanting courtyards of Istanbul’s historic Topkapı Palace, Hagia Irene stands as a silent witness to centuries of history. Originally constructed in the 4th century by Emperor Constantine, it is celebrated as the first church built in Constantinople. The name "Hagia Irene," meaning "Holy Peace," pays homage to both an early Christian martyr and a higher spiritual ideal. Despite enduring fires, earthquakes, and reconstructions, this remarkable structure has retained its essence, blending elements of Roman temples and early Christian architecture. From its days as a Byzantine church to its transformation into a military museum and now a church museum, Hagia Irene has evolved, mirroring the ever-changing tides of Istanbul itself.  

Today, visiting Hagia Irene is like stepping back in time, an experience made seamless with the Istanbul Tourist Pass®. This all-in-one pass includes online tickets to Hagia Irene and a specially curated audio guide, offering rich historical insights right from your phone. Whether you're intrigued by its austere yet elegant interiors or its role in shaping religious and cultural history, this magnificent site is a must-visit. With the Istanbul Tourist Pass®, you not only skip the lines but also enjoy access to over 100 attractions, making your journey through Istanbul both effortless and unforgettable.

History of the Hagia Irene

Hagia Irene Church is the structure with the longest history among the Byzantine churches in Istanbul. It is the second-largest Byzantine church in Istanbul after Hagia Sophia. Unlike Hagia Sophia, it was not converted into a mosque. Hagia Irene is the biggest temple from the Roman period after Hagia Sophia.

It was built at the beginning of the 4th century during the reign of the Roman Emperor Constantine (324-337). He had the Hagia Irene Church built. The meaning of Hagia Irene is "Holy Peace"; but also it was the name of a saint who lived in the same century.

Hagia Irene, located within the same courtyard wall as Hagia Sophia, was burned together with Sampson Zenon during the Nika riots in 532. Emperor Justinian rebuilt Hagia Irene. Although the construction started in 532, the end date is not known exactly.

After the conquest of Istanbul, it was included in the grounds of Topkapı Palace. The structure of the church has not been changed significantly since it was not converted into a mosque after its conquest. Many years later it was used as a warehouse armory and museum project in Turkey in the first place. In the period of III. Ahmet, various objects were brought to the church from all over the empire and were exhibited in two separate sections. Similarly, the church served as a military museum from 1908 to 1949.

Story of Hagia Irene

It is a young woman named Penelope. Her name was given to Hagia Irene Church. According to legend, when Constantine the Great rebuilt the city by making it the capital, he came to Constantinople like many Romans.

Penelope, a devout Christian, endeavors to introduce the Roman people to the Prophet Jesus. However, the pagan Romans who refuse to do this, torture the woman in order to deny the Virgin Mary and to be subject to Paganism.

First, they throw her into a well full of snakes, but the snakes do not catch her during the night. Then they stone the woman by accusing her of witchcraft. Finally, they tie her to the horses and drag her for hours. When Penelope is not harmed by any of them, the Romans pay allegiance to her.

As a result, Emperor Constantine declared the young lady a saint and named St Hagia Irene, which means "Holy Peace", and built the Hagia Irene Church in her honor.

The Importance of Hagia Irene Today

Hagia Irene stands as a testament to Istanbul's layered history, bridging the eras of Byzantium and the Ottoman Empire. Its significance today lies not only in its architectural uniqueness but also in its ability to narrate stories of resilience and transformation.

As one of the few Byzantine churches untouched by conversion into a mosque, Hagia Irene offers a rare glimpse into early Christian architecture and spirituality. It also serves as a cultural venue, hosting concerts and events that take advantage of its remarkable acoustics. This blend of historical preservation and contemporary use makes Hagia Irene a vital link between Istanbul's past and present, attracting history enthusiasts and art lovers from around the world.

In addition to being digital, the Pass offers you many advantages such as skip-the-line tickets, guided tours, and over 50% savings. You get access to more than 100+ top attractions such as Hagia Irene. For more information about The Pass and attractions spots, you can visit the site of Istanbul Tourist Pass®.